Acute myocardial infarction, acute aortic dissection, and acute pulmonary thromboembolism are serious cardiovascular diseases that cause sudden changes in condition.
Acute myocardial infarction refers to a condition in which atherosclerotic plaque (a mass of accumulated lipid and other substances) in the coronary artery (a blood vessel that supplies blood to the heart muscle) breaks down, causing a blood clot that rapidly clogs the vessel and prevents blood from flowing through it. The heart muscle is no longer able to receive the oxygen and nutrients it needs, resulting in necrosis of the heart muscle and impaired heart function.
Acute aortic dissection is a dreaded disease of the aorta that almost always occurs suddenly in patients with underlying hypertension. This is a disease in which a fissure develops inside the aorta, and through the tear, blood tears through the aortic wall and flows into the wall (blood tears into one aortic wall, separating the wall into two thin membranes, one inside and one outside).
Acute pulmonary thromboembolism is a condition in which a blood clot in a deep vein in the lower extremity or pelvis occludes the pulmonary artery, resulting in acute pulmonary circulation problems. The disease has a high probability of developing suddenly without specific early symptoms and leading to death.
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