Anemia

Blood is an important body fluid that travels through the body and is produced in the bone marrow. It is responsible for delivering oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body. Bone marrow is located in the bone, which is also an organ of locomotion, but because of its hardness, it is also the organ that contains the soft and important bone marrow, which is located in the center of the bone. It is the tissue that produces blood cells (white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets). The bone marrow contains hematopoietic stem cells, which are the “blood seeds” that can grow into all blood cells and can also replicate themselves.

Anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells in the blood have low levels of a substance called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin carries oxygen throughout the body in the bloodstream.

Therefore, when the amount of hemoglobin is low, the body’s tissues do not receive enough oxygen, and a variety of problems can occur.

The causes can be divided into two main categories: inability to produce red blood cells and hemoglobin and loss of red blood cells and hemoglobin.

The causes of failure to produce red blood cells and hemoglobin are

(1) Insufficient nutrients

Deficiency of nutrients (iron, zinc, folic acid, vitamin B12) necessary for the production of red blood cells and hemoglobin.

(2) Bone marrow disease

Red blood cells are not produced normally in the bone marrow.

3) Kidney disease

The kidneys no longer produce normal amounts of hematopoietic hormone, which is a sign that the bone marrow needs to produce blood.

Red blood cells and hemoglobin are lost.

(1) Heavy or persistent bleeding

Lack of red blood cells and hemoglobin due to menstrual abnormalities such as frequent or excessive menstruation, bleeding due to gastric or duodenal ulcers, cancer, etc.

(2) Destruction of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia)

Red blood cells are destroyed by bacterial infection, immune abnormalities, and strenuous exercise.

Women are prone to anemia because of regular bleeding called menstruation. While this is unfortunate, on the other hand, women are said to be more tolerant of bleeding than men.